Basic Knowledge About Islam

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Basic Knowledge About Islam

 Islam holds that one must submit to God and follow His Divinely revealed Law in order to have true mental and emotional security. Any person who submits to God's will, regardless of race, nationality, or ethnic heritage, is referred to as a Muslim.

Muslims hold that Abraham, Noah, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad are only a few of God's prophets who all preached Pure Monotheism. For this reason, contrary to what many people believe, Prophet Muhammad was the Final Prophet of Islam and not the creator of a brand-new religion.

           Contents [hide]

• Principles of Islam
• Basic Islamic Beliefs are:
• Main sects of Islam
• Khalifah
• Islamic Knowledge
• Prophet Muhammad
• Islam in India

Principles of Islam

Traditional Islamic beliefs assert that the faith has been around forever. Adam (the ancestor of all human beings) was created by Allah, the Almighty God, from a lump of clay, and Allah directed the angels to greet Adam with a "Sajda" (prostration in humility). With the exception of Iblis, every angel complied with the order (the Satan). Due to this, Satan was condemned, and Allah declared that anybody who chose to follow the path of the devil would lose His pleasure and spend eternity in the fires of hell.

Basic Islamic Beliefs are:

Tawheed:  Believe in a single, unique, unmatchable God who is the world's Creator, Ruler, and Sustainer and who has the sole right to be worshipped.

.  Belief in the presence of God's angels as revered beings

    faith in the revealed books of God 

. Belief in God's prophets and messengers; Belief in the Day of Judgment and Life After     Death; 

. Belief in Predestination, which is the concept that God alone has ultimate control over human fate.

 Main sects of Islam

Shiah and Sunni are the two primary sects among Muslims. The succession to Prophet Muhammad and the position of religious authority in Islam after him are the two areas where they diverge, despite generally adhering to the same principles and beliefs.

Shiism a small minority of Muslims, called Shiites, make up around one-tenth of all Muslims worldwide. Shiites make up a sizable portion of the population in a number of Arab nations, including Iran, Iraq, Bahrain, Lebanon, and Bahrain. Shiahs view Ali, the Prophet's son-in-law, as his legitimate heir. They contend that Ali was the first authentic Imam or Khalifah (Caliph), and as a result, they regard the previous three Khalifahs of the Sunni Muslims, Abu Bakr, Omar, and Usman, as usurpers.

There are two main shiite sects:

• The “Twelvers” are by far the largest group of Shiah Islam. They believe that the line of Ali became extinct with al-Askari, the Twelfth Imam, who mysteriously disappeared in 873 AD. They however refuse to accept that al-Askari died and believe that he will appear shortly before the end of the world.
• The Ismailites or Seveners are the second largest shiite sect. Their spiritual leader is the Aga Khan. The Ismailites only recognize the seven first Imams. 
• The primary school of Islam, known as Sunnism, upholds the validity of the first four Khalifahs or Caliphs. According to Sunnis, no one could claim to be the Prophet's sole heir or that his position was inherited. The Khalifah is chosen by the community from among its members.
• Hanafiyah (followers of Imam Abu Hanifah), Shafiyah (followers of Imam Ash-Shafii), Malakiyah (followers of Imam Malik), and Hanbaliyah are the four orthodox sects among Sunni Muslims (followers of Imam Ahmed Bin Hanbal).
• Khalifah 
• The word Caliph or Khalifah, means ‘successor’ or ‘deputy’. It is used to designate the Prophet’s successor as leader of the Muslim community. This title was used by the successive Arab empires and by the Ottoman sultans. The Ottoman Caliphate was maintained for two years after the abolition of the Sultanate, until it was itself abolished by Kemal Ataturk in February 1924.

  Prophets of Islam

  According to Islamic belief, Allah has sent various Prophets to the world at different times and different places to guide the people on the righteous path.

  The names of the following Prophets are mentioned in the Holy Quran: Adam, Sheth, Idris, Nuh (Noah), Hud, Salih, Lut, Ibrahim (Abraham), Ismail, Ishaq (Isaac), Yaqub (Jacob), Yusuf (Joseph), Shuaib, Dawud (David), Sulaiman (Solomon), Ilyas, Al-Yasa (Elisha), Musa (Moses), Aziz (Ubair or Ezra), Ayyub (Job), Dhul-Kifl (Isaih or Kharqil Bin Thauri), Yunus (Jonah), Zakariya (Zachariah), Yahya (John the Baptist), Isa (Jesus Christ) and Muhammad.

• Prophet Muhammad

  Prophet Muhammad is considered as the messenger of Allah and the last of all Prophets who restored Islam to its pristine purity. Prophet Muhammad was born in 570 AD at Makkah. At the age of 40, Prophet Muhammad received his first revelation from Allah through the Angel Jibreel (Gabriel) in a cave at Mount Hira near Makkah. The revelations continued for 23 years, and they are collectively known as the Quran.

  He began preaching these revelations to the common populace in Makkah. Due to sever opposition from the unbelievers, Prophet Muhammad and his followers undertook the great migration or Hijra to a town called Yathrib, which later came to be known as Medina. This emigration marks the beginning of the Muslim Calendar.

  In Medina, Islam began to flourish and Prophet Muhammad died at the age of 63. As a mark of respect to the Prophet, the Muslims use the words ‘Peace Be Upon Him’ after his name.

• Islam in India

• Islam first came to India at the Malabar Coast of Kerala through Arab traders as early as 6 AD. Several centuries later the local population that embraced Islam became a well-knit social and cultural group known as the Moplas.

• Within the next 200 years, the first Muslim empire, the Delhi Sultanate, was established in India with its capital in Delhi. This was followed by several other Muslim dynasties like the Khiljis, the Tughlaqs, the Lodis and the Mughals. The period of the Mughals was the golden age of Islam in India. The religion flourished under the Mughal rule and many Indians embraced Islam. Today Muslims constitute about 12% of India’s population and are concentrated largely in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Kashmir.

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